退休计划 - 北美华人人力资源协会

退休计划

401(k) 市场正在发生什么：Guideline 被拆分出售，从 Gusto 并购到 Vestwell 接盘，HR要注意什么过去几个月，美国中小企业退休市场经历了一次“静悄悄但级别很高”的重组：小企业 401(k) 提供商 Guideline 被 Gusto 收购，但只是一部分；未被 Gusto 接手的那一大块业务，被装进一个新实体 Accrue 401k，随后再卖给 Vestwell。对北美华人 HR 和企业主来说，这不是一条“别人家的资本市场新闻”，而是会直接影响你手上 401(k) 计划去哪儿、员工的钱由谁来管的一场结构性变化。请看NACSHR的解读和分析，希望可以帮助到你，尤其是要求强制提供401k州的HR同仁。 Guideline 的崛起：从“低费率 401(k) 明星”到被并购标的 Guideline 曾经是中小企业 401(k) 世界里的“网红选手”：低费用、自动化、在线开户、和各类工资系统的深度集成，让它在中小企业市场快速扩张，吸引了大批使用 QuickBooks、Gusto、Rippling、Paylocity 等 payroll 的雇主。它代表的是一代“fintech recordkeeper”的路线：用科技和规模去对抗大型传统金融机构的高费率与低效率。但这样的模式也有先天难点：一是费率压到很低后，必须依赖极大的计划规模才能摊平成本；二是随着各州强制退休计划和合规要求升级，技术和合规投入越来越重；三是 payroll 平台自己也在入局做 401(k)，从合作伙伴变成潜在对手。当 Guideline 在美国 SMB 市场站稳脚跟的同时，它也逐渐变成 payroll 厂商眼中的“必须考虑收购或重构的一块基础设施”。 Gusto 为何出手：只要“和自己工资单深度绑定”的那一半 2025 年，Gusto 宣布以大约 6 亿美元的交易价格收购 Guideline，被外界视为 SMB 福利与工资一体化进程中的一个标志性事件。但 Gusto 做的不是传统意义上的“整家公司打包买走”，而是只要自己真正看重的一部分——所有与 Gusto Payroll 深度集成的 Guideline 客户和计划。 Gusto 的逻辑很清晰：它要的是“Gusto Payroll + Gusto 401(k)”的一体化体验，希望控制从发工资到入账退休账户的完整链路，增强客户黏性，提高单客户生命周期价值，并在福利领域与 ADP、Paychex 等老牌对手拉开风格差异。那些使用 QuickBooks、Rippling、Deel 等其他工资系统的 Guideline 客户，对 Gusto 来说不仅没有战略协同，甚至在 payroll 维度上存在竞争关系。这就解释了为什么 Gusto 没有，也不打算，去接手 Guideline 的全部业务。被拆出去的另一半：Accrue 401k 的临时角色那么，问题来了：不使用 Gusto Payroll 的 Guideline 客户，怎么办？根据公开信息，在 2025 年 11 月初，Guideline 将所有非 Gusto payroll 的计划统一迁移到一个新成立的实体——Accrue 401k。这家新公司从一开始就被设计成“过渡平台”，它既不是 Gusto，也不是 Guideline，而是一个临时的承接方，负责托管那些被 Gusto“留下”的计划。这批客户规模并不小：大约近 30,000 个退休计划，约 350,000 名储蓄者，分布在大量使用 QuickBooks、Rippling、Paylocity、Deel、Square、OnPay、BambooHR、Check 等工资平台的中小企业当中。Guideline 通过把这部分业务装入 Accrue 401k，实现了两个目的：一方面让 Gusto 的并购结构变得干净利落，另一方面为未被收购的客户提供一个不断档的托管过渡期，同时等待一个更合适的长期买家出现。 Vestwell 接盘：多工资平台生态的“自然归宿” 这时，Vestwell 成为了最顺理成章的接盘方。Vestwell 本身就是一家以“payroll-connected savings”为核心定位的金融科技公司，为 90% 的州级退休储蓄项目提供技术底座，并直接集成了近 200 家工资服务商。它的商业模式不是只服务某一家特定 payroll，而是做整个多平台生态下的统一储蓄基础设施。根据 Vestwell 官方公告和 CEO Aaron Schumm 的公开说明，公司已与 Accrue 401k 达成协议，将接手这近 30,000 个来自 Guideline 的 401(k) 计划和约 350,000 名储蓄者，把他们统一迁移到 Vestwell 的平台上。对于这些企业来说，表面上看到的是：工资系统不变，退休服务商从 Guideline → Accrue → Vestwell，后台的记录系统和界面逐步替换；对 Vestwell 来说，则是快速扩张 SMB 客户基础，在 payroll 生态中进一步强化自己的“通用底层”地位，强化它“帮助弥补美国 50 万亿美元储蓄缺口”的长期叙事。这在底层上说明了什么：401(k) 竞争逻辑的迁移把 Guideline 被拆分出售的全流程拉长来看，会发现一个更深层的结构性变化：401(k) 竞争的重心，正在从“单一 recordkeeper 之间的产品对比”，转向 “谁掌握了工资系统入口，谁就掌握了退休储蓄的主动权”。 Gusto 的选择，代表的是“垂直一体化路线”——把自己 payroll 体系内的 401(k) 完全收入囊中，形成工资 + 福利 + HR 的闭环体验；而 Vestwell 代表的是“横向基础设施路线”——它不自己做 payroll，而是给大量 payroll、金融机构、州政府计划提供统一的储蓄技术和记录系统。Guideline 被拆分，本质上是这两种逻辑的一次“实战分工”：与 Gusto 强绑定的那一块，成为垂直闭环的一部分；剩下多平台、多 payroll 的那一块，则被交到了一个专门做“多方基础设施”的 Vestwell 手里。对于中小企业来说，直观感受可能是：自己没有主动换 401(k) 供应商，但供应商却因为上游资本与战略选择发生了变化。某种程度上，这提醒我们：在 401(k) 市场里，单个 recordkeeper 的“品牌”正在变得不如其背后的 payroll 生态和技术底座重要。对 401(k) 市场的结构性影响：从产品大战到生态博弈从市场层面看，这一连串交易会带来几方面的影响。首先是行业的进一步集中与专业分工。一端是像 Gusto 这样把 401(k) 内嵌到 payroll 的综合平台，另一端是以 Vestwell 为代表的“白标 + 底层基础设施”模式，为多个品牌、多个渠道统一提供技术和合规能力。传统意义上“单打独斗”的独立 401(k) 提供商，会在这个格局下越来越难保持长期独立竞争力。其次是技术和合规门槛的抬升。州级强制退休计划扩张、SECURE Act 系列政策推进，加上数据隐私与网络安全要求提升，使得后台系统、数据接口、风控与合规自动化都需要持续高投入。这一次 Guideline 的拆分和出售，很大程度上也是对“小而美的低费率平台能否单独扛起全栈责任”这一问题的一次现实回应。最后，对参与者心态的改变也很重要。无论是 payroll 平台、金融机构还是第三方顾问，都越来越意识到：单靠“产品包装”和“费率对比”已经不够说服客户，真正能打动雇主的是“我能不能让 HR 少做事，让员工自动持续地存钱，并且在监管变化时系统自动跟上”。这会驱动更多厂商向集成、自动化与生态协同方向靠拢，而不只是推出“又一个新 401(k) 品牌”。 NACSHR给中小企业 HR 的 401(k) 选型建议：从“费率导向”转向“整合导向” 对北美华人企业主和 HR 来说，Guideline–Gusto–Accrue–Vestwell 的这条链路，真正值得拿来反思的是自己的选型逻辑。如果还停留在“哪家费用便宜一点”“哪个 app 好看一点”的层级，很容易忽略真正影响长期体验的关键因素。第一，优先从工资系统出发，而不是从单一 401(k) 品牌出发。企业已经在用哪套 payroll，会在很大程度上决定最自然的 401(k) 选择路径：用 Gusto 的企业，Gusto 401(k) 将会越来越深地嵌在其生态里；使用 QuickBooks、Rippling、Deel、Paylocity 等平台的公司，则可以重点了解这些 payroll 与 Vestwell 之类基础设施型平台的集成情况，看工资与退休扣款是否真正实现全自动同步。第二，把“自动化”和“合规稳健”当成硬指标，而不是可有可无的加分项。好的 401(k) 选型，不是让 HR 每年做更多表格、盯更多截止日期，而是让系统自动完成数据同步、资格判断、扣款执行、非歧视性测试与年检支持。你可以很直接地问供应商：薪资变更后多久能反映到 401(k)？新员工什么时候会被自动纳入？计划年检数据有多少是自动生成的？这些问题的答案，比费率小数点后一位的差异更重要。第三，把“平台的长期战略位置”也纳入考量。Guideline 的拆分说明，独立 401(k) 平台在资本环境变化时可能被迫调整路径，而深度嵌入 payroll 或作为多方基础设施的参与者，往往更具长期稳定性。中小企业虽然无法左右并购，但可以选择与“更不容易被边缘化的那一层”绑定——要么是你高度依赖的工资平台，要么是已经成为多方基础设施的技术底座。从这个意义上说，Guideline 被拆分并不只是一个单一公司的故事，而是提醒所有中小企业：在 401(k) 和员工福利领域，真正需要升级的不是“换一个更好看的平台”，而是升级自己的判断框架——从“这是哪家产品”，变成“它在整个工资和福利生态里的位置是什么”。这，才是这场并购与拆分给 401(k) 市场和 HR 专业人士留下的、真正长期的启示。

退休计划
2025年12月09日
退休计划

401(k) limit increases to $24,500 for 2026, IRA limit increases to $7,500 WASHINGTON — The Internal Revenue Service announced today that the amount individuals can contribute to their 401(k) plans in 2026 has increased to $24,500, up from $23,500 for 2025. The IRS today also issued technical guidance regarding all cost‑of‑living adjustments affecting dollar limitations for pension plans and other retirement-related items for tax year 2026 in Notice 2025-67 PDF, posted today on IRS.gov. Highlights of changes for 2026 The annual contribution limit for employees who participate in 401(k), 403(b), governmental 457 plans, and the federal government’s Thrift Savings Plan is increased to $24,500, up from $23,500 for 2025. The limit on annual contributions to an IRA is increased to $7,500 from $7,000. The IRA catch‑up contribution limit for individuals aged 50 and over was amended under the SECURE 2.0 Act of 2022 (SECURE 2.0) to include an annual cost‑of‑living adjustment is increased to $1,100, up from $1,000 for 2025. The catch-up contribution limit that generally applies for employees aged 50 and over who participate in most 401(k), 403(b), governmental 457 plans, and the federal government’s Thrift Savings Plan is increased to $8,000, up from $7,500 for 2025. Therefore, participants in most 401(k), 403(b), governmental 457 plans and the federal government’s Thrift Savings Plan who are 50 and older generally can contribute up to $32,500 each year, starting in 2026. Under a change made in SECURE 2.0, a higher catch-up contribution limit applies for employees aged 60, 61, 62 and 63 who participate in these plans. For 2026, this higher catch-up contribution limit remains $11,250 instead of the $8,000 noted above. The income ranges for determining eligibility to make deductible contributions to traditional Individual Retirement Arrangements (IRAs), to contribute to Roth IRAs and to claim the Saver’s Credit all increased for 2026. Taxpayers can deduct contributions to a traditional IRA if they meet certain conditions. If during the year either the taxpayer or the taxpayer’s spouse was covered by a retirement plan at work, the deduction may be reduced, or phased out, until it is eliminated, depending on filing status and income. (If neither the taxpayer nor the spouse is covered by a retirement plan at work, the phase-outs of the deduction do not apply.) Here are the phase‑out ranges for 2026: For single taxpayers covered by a workplace retirement plan, the phase-out range is increased to between $81,000 and $91,000, up from between $79,000 and $89,000 for 2025. For married couples filing jointly, if the spouse making the IRA contribution is covered by a workplace retirement plan, the phase-out range is increased to between $129,000 and $149,000, up from between $126,000 and $146,000 for 2025. For an IRA contributor who is not covered by a workplace retirement plan and is married to someone who is covered, the phase-out range is increased to between $242,000 and $252,000, up from between $236,000 and $246,000 for 2025. For a married individual filing a separate return who is covered by a workplace retirement plan, the phase-out range is not subject to an annual cost-of-living adjustment and remains between $0 and $10,000. Other phase-out ranges and limitations The notice also provides limitations for 2026 for Roth IRAs, the Saver’s Credit and SIMPLE retirement accounts. The income phase-out range for taxpayers making contributions to a Roth IRA is increased to between $153,000 and $168,000 for singles and heads of household, up from between $150,000 and $165,000 for 2025. For married couples filing jointly, the income phase-out range is increased to between $242,000 and $252,000, up from between $236,000 and $246,000 for 2025. The phase-out range for a married individual filing a separate return who makes contributions to a Roth IRA is not subject to an annual cost-of-living adjustment and remains between $0 and $10,000. The income limit for the Saver’s Credit (also known as the Retirement Savings Contributions Credit) for low- and moderate-income workers is $80,500 for married couples filing jointly, up from $79,000 for 2025; $60,375 for heads of household, up from $59,250 for 2025; and $40,250 for singles and married individuals filing separately, up from $39,500 for 2025. The amount individuals can generally contribute to their SIMPLE retirement accounts is increased to $17,000, up from $16,500 for 2025. Pursuant to a change made in SECURE 2.0, individuals can contribute a higher amount to certain applicable SIMPLE retirement accounts. For 2026, this higher amount is increased to $18,100, up from $17,600 for 2025. The catch-up contribution limit that generally applies for employees aged 50 and over who participate in most SIMPLE plans is increased to $4,000, up from $3,500 for 2025. Under a change made in SECURE 2.0, a different catch-up limit applies for employees aged 50 and over who participate in certain applicable SIMPLE plans, which remains $3,850. Under a change made in SECURE 2.0, a higher catch-up contribution limit applies for employees aged 60, 61, 62 and 63 who participate in SIMPLE plans, which remains $5,250. Details on these and other retirement-related cost-of-living adjustments for 2026 are in Notice 2025-67, available on IRS.gov. https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/401k-limit-increases-to-24500-for-2026-ira-limit-increases-to-7500

退休计划
2025年11月14日

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